Peter Wessel Zapffe

Peter Wessel Zapffe ek Norwegian darshanik, lekhak aur parvatarohi (mountaineer) the. Unka janam 1899 mein Norway ke Tromsø shehar mein hua aur 1990 mein unka nidhan hua. Unhone law ki padhai ki aur kuch samay vakil ke roop mein kaam kiya, lekin unki asli pehchaan ek darshanik ke roop mein bani.

Zapffe ka darshan pessimism aur existentialism se juda hai. Unka maanna tha ki insaan ki chetna (consciousness) itni vikasit ho gayi hai ki vah jeevan ke arth, mrityu aur dukh ke baare mein woh sab samajh leta hai jise sambhalna uske liye mushkil hai. Unke anusaar yeh chetna prakriti ki ek tarah ki 'zarurat se zyada' den hai.

1933 mein likhe unke prasiddh nibandh 'The Last Messiah' (Norwegian mein 'Den sidste Messias') mein unhone bataya ki insaan is bojh se bachne ke liye chaar tareeke apnata hai: isolation, anchoring, distraction aur sublimation. Yani hum kuch vicharon ko dabaate hain, mool-myoun se khud ko baandhte hain, khud ko vyast rakhte hain, ya dard ko kala mein badal dete hain.

Zapffe Norway mein parvatarohan aur prakriti sanrakshan ke liye bhi jaane jaate the. 'The Last Messiah' ek chhota nibandh hai, poori kitaab nahi; HindiAudiobook.com par 'The Last Messiah' Hindi mein sun kar unke is vichar ko samajh sakte hain.